Rock it. Science
Carbs
Perhaps you're training for the 2026 Vienna marathon, or the 2026 Vienna Triathlon, and wondering: are sports drinks better than sports gels?
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Control = predictability
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Gels reduce control
The low water content in gels increases sweetness and intensifies flavours. Low water content also makes gels viscous, so they remain in the mouth longer and have a slower passage to the stomach.
Gel digestion is suboptimal without added water. To aid digestion, some blood may be redirected away from working muscles.
3. Carb mixes increase control
Carb mixes make it easy to personalise doses to match energy needs and carb tolerance. Carb mixes are easily integrated into training; through bottles, hydration packs, on vests, belts, etc. Meanwhile, discarded gel packets create waste.
By the way, we don't believe in all-in-one (electrolyte + carb) products - your carb and electrolyte needs will differ.
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Marathon Fuel
The energy release from slow carbs can be useful outside exercise (2). However, for endurance sports we mix fast carbs and slow carbs, and will not offer a product that only contains slow carbs. Here’s why:
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slow carb availability peaks approximately 60 minutes after ingestion (2), so the timing is challenging.
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(i) during exercise, fast carbs only elevate blood sugar slightly more than slow carbs, and (ii) the effect on insulin is very small (2).
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slow carbs are linked to fat metabolism, however, low intensity exercise already emphasises fat metabolism (2).
Example: A slow carb isomaltulose/Palatinose has been shown to increase fat utilisation in low intensity endurance exercise. Problem: However, it is associated with abdominal cramping, bloating, and reduced performance at the doses necessary for moderate to intense endurance exercise (3). Solution: Just use a fast & slow carb mix, varying the amount to match energy needs; it's less likely to cause indigestion (2).
Our fast carbs are glucose (a simple sugar/monosaccharide) and one of its long-chain forms; maltodextrin. There is evidence they can be particularly effective together (4). Additionally, combining fast and slow carbs improves oxidation; the processing of carbs for energy production (2):
“rates of exogenous carbohydrate oxidation can be increased (...) by the ingestion of multiple carbohydrates.” (5)

After efficient absorption in the small intestine, our chosen slow carbs - fructose and galactose - are processed in the liver, reducing the load on the intestines. In contrast, other slow carbs - amylopectin, amylose, isomaltulose, and trehalose - tend to remain in the intestines for an extended period of time.
Combining fructose and glucose in sports nutrition improves their oxidation. This combination can increase carb intake through the use of different intestinal transporters (SGLT-1; glucose, and GLUT5; fructose) (2, 6). Meanwhile, galactose is a generally well-tolerated simple sugar, naturally occurring in various foods (7).
How to Fuel for a Marathon
Carb mixes offer versatility - you may gradually adjust your carb intake in pursuit of greater carb tolerance. This “gut training” has the potential to improve performance without the messiness, intense taste, or texture of energy gels (4, 6, 8, 9).
Remember that the motion of your activity may alter carb digestion (8, 10).
Example: Consider the digestion challenges when running versus cycling.
Problem: The up-and-down motion of running can make digestion more difficult. Solution: Drink mixes can improve absorption rates.
Checklist:
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Will your endurance activity last over an hour?
"Yes!" - then fueling is particularly important. Draining carb stores during endurance exercise can reduce the next day’s performance, regardless of post-exercise nutrition (8).
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Are you a relatively large athlete?
If so, it's possible you can absorb more carbs, based on organ size (11).
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What is the recommended carb intake for endurance sports?
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Low-moderate energy needs: 1 dose (16g) per hour.
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Moderate-high energy needs: 2-3 doses (32-48g) per hour.
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High energy needs: 4+ doses per hour (64g+).
Hydration
If you're taking on an endurance challenge like the 2026 Infinite Trails, if you compete in a sport with weight cutting, like boxing or MMA, intend to spend a day in the sauna, or just have a general interest in your hydration, this info is for you!
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Optimising hydration requires more than water.
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Many variables affect hydration.
Key Info
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Electrolytes help maintain the amount of fluid in cells and circulating, with sodium being particularly important.
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Electrolytes also support nerve and muscle function, among other things.
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Drinking lots of water without electrolytes reduces electrolyte concentration.
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Electrolytes in water help restore and regulate fluid balance and retention.
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Good fluid levels improve temperature regulation, and reduce cardiovascular load.
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Exercise that involves a lot of sweating is where electrolytes are most important.
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Taking electrolytes before or after such exercise can be helpful.
Electrolyte Mix v.s Salt Tablets
Salt tablets can be hard for the body to break down (8), while our electrolyte mix, Elektro, is easily diluted. The small amount of carbohydrate in Elektro also helps transport water and electrolytes into cells (12).
Our electrolyte values are based on the composition of sweat (12), while we believe you’ll agree Elektro tastes better! It has the same, natural flavour as our carb mix- Fuel - they can be used together.
Factors Motivating Hydration
Thirst often lags behind dehydration - the following factors may also prevent you consuming enough fluids (14):
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Taste - the right balance of sweetness and saltiness motivates fluid consumption; this is why Elektro is not too sweet or salty.
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Temperature - in cool conditions, people usually consume less than they need.
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Visibility - if you see liquids, you’ll likely drink more.
Remember - WUT!
Exercise physiologist Dr Andy Galpin also presents the WUT method (12), which can be used to indicate hydration status. The more of the following markers are suboptimal the more likely you are dehydrated:
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Weight - is your weight low (given typical fluctuations)
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Urine colour - the darker it is the less likely you’re hydrated
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Thirst - more thirst means you’re more likely dehydrated
You may also consider the saltiness of your sweat, and the amount of salt visible on skin or clothing after activity (12). Meanwhile, for the most precise measure of electrolyte loss during exercise, you may need to consult an exercise physiologist, who would carry out a personal assessment (14).
Other Hydration Variables
Whatever decision you make, consider the following variables affecting hydration (15);
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Acclimatisation status
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Air flow
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Altitude
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Ambient temperature
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Body size and composition
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Caffeine - typically increases hydration needs
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Clothing
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Exercise duration
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Exercise intensity
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Health status
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Humidity
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Hydration level before exercise
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Radiant heat
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Sex - men typically have more muscle, which require more water
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Supplements - for example, creatine may require additional water
You may use our mixes immediately post-workout, to help with refuelling and rehydration, with fluid loss measured through weight change.

Flavour and Function
All our ingredients are functional, so we are confident in the effect of both low and high doses. For example, even our stabiliser - medium chain triglycerides (C8) - is rapidly digested.
We're not making soft drinks, so we refused sweeteners. Still, flavour and appearance motivate consumption, so we combine natural flavours from fruit and beetroot, which creates that distinctive colour.
Elsewhere, xanthan supports ingestion and controls the dispersion of ingredients, while citric acid preserves, and improves ingredient synergy.
Sources ...
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Achten J, Jentjens RL, Brouns F, et al. Exogenous oxidation of isomaltulose is lower than that of sucrose during exercise in men. J Nutr 2007;137(5):1143-8. [published Online First: 2007/04/24].
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https://www.mysportscience.com/post/slow-carbs-during-exercise
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Oosthuyse T, Carstens M, Millen AM. Ingesting Isomaltulose Versus Fructose-Maltodextrin During Prolonged Moderate-Heavy Exercise Increases Fat Oxidation But Impairs Gastrointestinal Comfort and Cycling Performance. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2015 doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.2014-0178.
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Venables M, Brouns F, Jeukendrup A. Oxidation of maltose and trehalose during prolonged moderate intensity exercise Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008;In press.
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Viribay A, Arribalzaga S, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Castañeda-Babarro, Seco-Calvo J, Urdampilleta A. Effects of 120 g/h of Carbohydrates Intake during a Mountain Marathon on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Elite Runners. Nutrients 12(5), 1367, 2020. doi: 10.3390/nu12051367
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Coelho AI, Berry GT, Rubio-Gozalbo ME. Galactose metabolism and health. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2015 Jul;18(4):422-7. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000189. PMID: 26001656.
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Jeukendrup AE. Training the Gut for Athletes. Sports Med. 2017 Mar;47(Suppl 1):101-110. doi: 10.1007/s40279-017-0690-6. PMID: 28332114; PMCID: PMC5371619.
10.https://runningmagazine.ca/health-nutrition/kipchoges-berlin-nutrition-plan/
11.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2a_cVKwzHjM&t=4243s
12.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-tQ153n91Y
13.https://www.hubermanlab.com/newsletter/optimize-your-water-quality-and-intake-for-health
14.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cILplEggl4I
15.Belval LN, Hosokawa Y, Casa DJ, Adams WM, Armstrong LE, Baker LB, Burke L, Cheuvront S, Chiampas G, González-Alonso J, Huggins RA, Kavouras SA, Lee EC, McDermott BP, Miller K, Schlader Z, Sims S, Stearns RL, Troyanos C, Wingo J. Practical Hydration Solutions for Sports. Nutrients. 2019 Jul 9;11(7):1550. doi: 10.3390/nu11071550. PMID: 31324008; PMCID: PMC6682880.
